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Index of Diseases

Instructions. To find the proper medical term, scroll up and down to review the alphabetical listings. Also, you can use the "Page Up" and "Page down" key on your keyboard. Or use the search function of your browser. In both Netscape and Explorer, go to "Edit" and select "Find in Page". Type in the main term of interest. Frequently, it is best to type in only the first 4 or five letters (i.e., "prost" for prostate) because that will find more alternative terms from which to select the proper one.

E

Ear Deformities, Acquired

Definition: Distortion or disfigurement of the ear caused by disease or injury after birth.
Annotation: acquired through inj or dis; do not use /congen : = EAR, EXTERNAL /abnorm & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES
ID#: D004426

Ear Diseases

Definition: Diseases of the ear, general or unspecified.
Annotation: GEN only; NIM with coord for diseases of specific parts; /diag: consider also DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES, OTOLOGICAL; inflamm dis = OTITIS and its specifics
ID#: D004427

Ear Neoplasms

Definition: Tumors or cancer of the internal, external, or middle ear.
Annotation: coord IM with specific ear term (IM) + histol type of neopl (IM)
ID#: D004428

Earache

Definition: Pain in the ear.
Annotation:
ID#: D004433

Eating Disorders

Definition: A group of disorders characterized by physiological and psychological disturbances in appetite or food intake.
Annotation: in children, use FEEDING AND EATING DISORDERS OF CHILDHOOD if related to mental disorder
ID#: D001068

Ebstein's Anomaly

Definition: Congenital downward displacement of the tricuspid valve with the septal and posterior leaflets being attached to the wall of the right ventricle.
Annotation: a congen heart defect; do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES
ID#: D004437

Ecchymosis

Definition: Extravasation of blood into the skin, resulting in a nonelevated, rounded or irregular, blue or purplish patch, larger than a petechia.
Annotation: differentiate from CONTUSIONS: use term in the text
ID#: D004438

Echinococcosis

Definition: An infection caused by the infestation of the larval form of tapeworms of the genus Echinococcus. The liver, lungs, and kidney are the most common areas of infestation.
Annotation: of liver = ECHINOCOCCOSIS, HEPATIC, of lung = ECHINOCOCCOSIS, PULMONARY; Taenia echinococcus infect = Echinococcus granulosus infect = ECHINOCOCCOSIS
ID#: D004443

Echinococcosis, Hepatic

Definition: Helminth infection of the liver caused by Echinococcus granulosus or Echinococcus multilocularis.
Annotation: tapeworm infect of the liver
ID#: D004444

Echinococcosis, Pulmonary

Definition: Helminth infection of the lung caused by Echinococcus granulosus or Echinococcus multilocularis.
Annotation: tapeworm infect of the lung; DF: ECHINOCOCCOSIS PULM
ID#: D004445

Echinostomiasis

Definition: Infection by flukes of the genus Echinostoma.
Annotation: trematode infect
ID#: D004451

Echolalia

Definition: Involuntary ("parrot-like"), meaningless repetition of a recently heard word, phrase, or song. This condition may be associated with transcortical APHASIA; SCHIZOPHRENIA; or other disorders. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p485)
Annotation:
ID#: D004454

Echovirus Infections

Definition: Infectious disease processes, including meningitis, diarrhea, and respiratory disorders, caused by echoviruses.
Annotation: caused by an enterovirus; coord IM with specific Echovirus (IM)
ID#: D004457

Eclampsia

Definition: Onset of convulsions or coma in a previously diagnosed pre-eclamptic patient.
Annotation: a pregn toxemia
ID#: D004461

Ecthyma

Definition: An ulcerative pyoderma usually caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection at the site of minor trauma. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Annotation: Strep infect
ID#: D004473

Ecthyma, Contagious

Definition: An infectious dermatitis of sheep and goats, affecting primarily the muzzle and lips. It is caused by a poxvirus and may be transmitted to man.
Annotation: caused by a poxvirus; usually animal; check tag ANIMALS; don't forget also SHEEP (NIM) but do not index under SHEEP DISEASES
ID#: D004474

Ectodermal Dysplasia

Definition: A group of hereditary disorders involving tissues and structures derived from the embryonic ectoderm. They are characterized by the presence of abnormalities at birth and involvement of both the epidermis and skin appendages. They are generally nonprogressive and diffuse. Various forms exist, including anhidrotic and hidrotic dysplasias, FOCAL DERMAL HYPOPLASIA, and aplasia cutis congenita.
Annotation: multiple skin abnorm; do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES
ID#: D004476

Ectoparasitic Infestations

Definition: Infestations by parasites which live on the outside of the body of the host.
Annotation: GEN only: prefer specifics; coord IM with ectoparasite (IM); refers to ectoparasite on, within or under the skin so do not coord with SKIN DISEASES, PARASITIC
ID#: D004478

Ectopia Lentis

Definition: Congenital displacement of the lens resulting from defective zonule formation.
Annotation: congen lens dislocation; do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES
ID#: D004479

Ectromelia

Definition: Gross hypo- or aplasia of one or more long bones of one or more limbs. The concept includes amelia, hemimelia, and phocomelia.
Annotation: abnorm of arm or leg: see Dorland for definition & inclusions; do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES
ID#: D004480

Ectromelia, Infectious

Definition: A viral infection of mice, causing edema and necrosis followed by limb loss.
Annotation: caused by a poxvirus; don't forget also MICE (NIM) & check tag ANIMALS
ID#: D004482

Ectropion

Definition: The turning outward (eversion) of the edge of the eyelid, resulting in the exposure of the palpebral conjunctiva. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Annotation: eversion of eyelid: do not confuse with ENTROPION, inversion
ID#: D004483

Eczema

Definition: A pruritic papulovesicular dermatitis occurring as a reaction to many endogenous and exogenous agents (Dorland, 27th ed).
Annotation: an indistinct concept: check text for more specific skin dis; if more specific term is not in text, do not make a diagnosis: index here
ID#: D004485

Eczema, Dyshidrotic

Definition: A recurrent eczematous reaction characterized by the development of vesicular eruptions on the palms and soles, particularly along the sides and between the digits. It is accompanied by pruritus, a burning sensation, and hyperhidrosis. The disease is self-limiting, lasting only a few weeks. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Annotation: eczema with hyperhidrosis
ID#: D011146

Edema

Definition: Excessive amount of watery fluid accumulated in the intercellular spaces, most commonly present in subcutaneous tissue.
Annotation: GEN: prefer specifics; coord IM with organ/diseases term (IM); egg-white edema: coord IM with OVALBUMIN (NIM if indexed at all); EPH (Edema, Proteinuria, Hypertension) = GESTOSIS, EPH & do not index under EDEMA unless it is particularly discussed
ID#: D004487

Edema Disease of Swine

Definition: An acute disease of young pigs that is usually associated with weaning. It is characterized clinically by paresis and subcutaneous edema.
Annotation: don't forget also SWINE (NIM) & check tag ANIMALS
ID#: D004488

Edema, Cardiac

Definition: A manifestation of congestive heart failure caused by increased venous and capillary pressures and often associated with the retention of sodium by the kidneys. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Annotation: a manifest of congestive heart failure
ID#: D004489

Egg Hypersensitivity

Definition: Allergic reaction to eggs that is triggered by the immune system.
Annotation: coord IM with specific egg component /adv eff (IM) if pertinent
ID#: D021181

Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome

Definition: A heterogeneous group of inherited COLLAGEN DISEASES. The most common manifestations of Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome are hyperextensible skin and joints, skin fragility and reduced wound healing capability.
Annotation:
ID#: D004535

Ehrlichiosis

Definition: A tick-borne disease characterized by FEVER; HEADACHE, myalgias, ANOREXIA, and occasionally RASH. It is caused by several bacterial species and can produce disease in DOGS, CATTLE, SHEEP, GOATS, HORSES, and humans. The primary species causing human disease are EHRLICHIA CHAFFEENSIS; ANAPLASMA PHAGOCYTOPHILUM; and Ehrlichia ewingii.
Annotation:
ID#: D016873

Eisenmenger Complex

Definition: Defect of the interventricular septum with severe pulmonary hypertension, hypertrophy of the right ventricle, and latent or overt cyanosis.
Annotation: a congen heart defect; do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES
ID#: D004541

Electric Injuries

Definition: Injuries caused by electric currents. The concept excludes electric burns (BURNS, ELECTRIC), but includes accidental electrocution and electric shock.
Annotation: consider also BURNS, ELECTRIC; accidental shock by electricity is ELECTRIC INJURIES, not ELECTROSHOCK (for exper shock by electricity usually in psychol lit)
ID#: D004556

Elephantiasis

Definition: Hypertrophy and thickening of the tissues from any cause. Elephantiasis caused by filarial infection is ELEPHANTIASIS, FILARIAL. (From Dorland, 27th ed)
Annotation: a form of lymphedema; for elephantiasis of any cause other than filarial; ELEPHANTIASIS, FILARIAL is available
ID#: D004604

Elephantiasis, Filarial

Definition: Parasitic infestation of the human lymphatic system by WUCHERERIA BANCROFTI or BRUGIA MALAYI. It is also called lymphatic filariasis.
Annotation: specify BRUGIA or species or WUCHERERIA BANCROFTI (IM) if pertinent; drug ther: consider FILARICIDES
ID#: D004605

Elimination Disorders

Definition: Excretory-related psychiatric disorders usually diagnosed in infancy or childhood.
Annotation:
ID#: D019960

Elliptocytosis, Hereditary

Definition: An intrinsic defect of erythrocytes inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. The erythrocytes assume an oval or elliptical shape.
Annotation: a congen hemolytic anemia; do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES
ID#: D004612

Ellis-Van Creveld Syndrome

Definition: Dwarfism occurring in association with defective development of skin, hair, and teeth, polydactyly, and defect of the cardiac septum. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Annotation: do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES
ID#: D004613

Emaciation

Definition: Clinical manifestation of excessive leanness usually caused by disease or a lack of nutrition.
Annotation:
ID#: D004614

Embolism

Definition: Blocking of a blood vessel by a blood clot or foreign matter that has been transported from a distant site by the blood stream.
Annotation: coord with specific vessel; pulm embolism = PULMONARY EMBOLISM; cerebral embolism = INTRACRANIAL EMBOLISM
ID#: D004617

Embolism and Thrombosis

Definition: A collective term for diseases characterized by the formation, development, or presence of a thrombus (THROMBOSIS) and the blocking of a vessel by the thrombus brought to its site by the blood current (EMBOLISM). (From Dorland, 28th ed)
Annotation: not used for indexing CATALOG: do not use
ID#: D016769

Embolism, Air

Definition: Embolism due to air bubbles entering the blood vessels after trauma, surgical procedures, or changes in atmospheric pressure.
Annotation:
ID#: D004618

Embolism, Amniotic Fluid

Definition: Embolism caused by strong uterine contractions near the end of a normal pregnancy that force amniotic fluid into the maternal circulation.
Annotation: do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES
ID#: D004619

Embolism, Cholesterol

Definition: An embolism of lipid debris from an ulcerated atheromatous deposit, generally from a large artery to small arterial branches. It is usually small and rarely causes infarction. (Stedman, 25th ed)
Annotation: lipid debris from atheromatous deposit; do not confuse with EMBOLISM, FAT, from fat entering circ
ID#: D017700

Embolism, Fat

Definition: Embolism caused by fat entering the circulation. It is often seen after fractures of large bones or after corticosteriod administration.
Annotation: embolism from fat entering circ; do not confuse with EMBOLISM, CHOLESTEROL, lipid debris from atheroma
ID#: D004620

Embolism, Paradoxical

Definition: Blockage of a systemic artery by a thrombus originating in a systemic vein, which has passed through a defect that permits direct communication between the right and the left side of the heart, notably an open foramen ovale. It is also called crossed embolism. (Dorland, 28th ed)
Annotation: IM; coord with specific vessels or vasc dis (IM), often PULMONARY EMBOLISM or HEART SEPTAL DEFECTS, ATRIAL for patent foramen ovale
ID#: D019320

Embryo Loss

Definition: Early pregnancy loss during the EMBRYO stage of development. In the human, this period comprises the second through eighth week after fertilization.
Annotation:
ID#: D020964

Emergencies

Definition: Situations or conditions having a high probability of disabling or immediately life-threatening consequences or requiring first aid or other immediate intervention.
Annotation: EMERGENCY MEDICINE is the corresponding specialty; /nurs = the patient, EMERGENCY NURSING = the nursing specialty; emergencies in specific dis: coord NIM with specific dis (IM); "drug emergencies": coord NIM with specific drug or chem with probably /pois (IM)
ID#: D004630

Emphysema

Definition: A pathological accumulation of air in tissues or organs.
Annotation: also available are PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA; SUBCUTANEOUS EMPHYSEMA and PNEUMOMEDIASTINUM see MEDIASTINAL EMPHYSEMA
ID#: D004646

Emphysematous Cholecystitis

Definition: A variant of acute cholecystitis with inflammation of the GALLBLADDER that is characterized by the pockets of gas in the gallbladder wall. It is due to secondary infection caused by gas-forming organisms, and has a high risk of perforation.
Annotation:
ID#: D041882

Empty Sella Syndrome

Definition: A condition associated with underdevelopment or absence of the diaphragma sellae which allows herniation of the meninges into the SELLA TURCICA. The pituitary gland becomes compressed against the walls of the sella and the sella may enlarge. Female gender; OBESITY; PSEUDOTUMOR CEREBRI; and pituitary ADENOMA are associated with this condition, which may present with HEADACHE. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch36, p85)
Annotation: sella refers to the sella turcica
ID#: D004652

Empyema

Definition: Presence of pus in a hollow organ or body cavity.
Annotation: GEN or unspecified; prefer specifics but empyema unspecified by author may be EMPYEMA, PLEURAL: check text; coord IM with precoord organ/dis term (IM); empyema in tuberc = EMPYEMA, TUBERCULOUS
ID#: D004653

Empyema, Pleural

Definition: Suppurative inflammation of the pleural space.
Annotation: if tuberculous = EMPYEMA, TUBERCULOUS
ID#: D016724

Empyema, Subdural

Definition: An intracranial or rarely intraspinal suppurative process invading the space between the inner surface of the DURA MATER and the outer surface of the ARACHNOID. Bacteria and other pathogenic organisms may gain entrance to the subdural space from the FRONTAL SINUS; ETHMOID SINUS; middle ear (EAR, MIDDLE); MASTOID; or as the result of CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA or NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES. This condition may be associated with intracranial sinus thrombosis (SINUS THROMBOSIS, INTRACRANIAL). Circumscribed collections of purulent material in the subdural space are referred to as subdural abscesses. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p709)
Annotation: coord IM with specific infection (IM) and specific CNS infection term (IM)
ID#: D013354

Empyema, Tuberculous

Definition: Empyema due to MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS.
Annotation: pleural empyema caused by M. tuberc
ID#: D004654

Encephalitis

Definition: Inflammation of the BRAIN due to infection, autoimmune processes, toxins, and other conditions. Viral infections (see ENCEPHALITIS, VIRAL) are a relatively frequent cause of this condition.
Annotation: GEN; coord with specific organism /infection heading (IM) or other cause (IM); viral encephalitis = ENCEPHALITIS, VIRAL unless ENCEPHALITIS, ARBOVIRUS but see note there; ENCEPHALOMYELITIS & specifics & SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS (see note there) are also available; DF: ENCEPH
ID#: D004660

Encephalitis, Arbovirus

Definition: Infections of the brain caused by arthopod-borne viruses (i.e., arboviruses) primarily from the families TOGAVIRIDAE; FLAVIVIRIDAE; BUNYAVIRIDAE; REOVIRIDAE; and RHABDOVIRIDAE. Life cycles of these viruses are characterized by ZOONOSES, with birds and lower mammals serving as intermediate hosts. The virus is transmitted to humans by the bite of mosquitoes (CULICIDAE) or TICKS. Clinical manifestations include fever, headache, alterations of mentation, focal neurologic deficits, and COMA. (From Clin Microbiol Rev 1994 Jan;7(1):89-116; Walton, Brain's Diseases of the Nervous System, 10th ed, p321)
Annotation: caused by ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES: despite X REF not an "epidemic of encephalitis"; GEN or unspecified; prefer specifics; DF: ENCEPH ARBOVIRUS
ID#: D004671

Encephalitis, California

Definition: A viral infection of the brain caused by serotypes of California encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, CALIFORNIA) transmitted to humans by the mosquito AEDES triseriatus. The majority of cases are caused by the LA CROSSE VIRUS. This condition is endemic to the midwestern United States and primarily affects children between 5-10 years of age. Clinical manifestations include FEVER, VOMITING, HEADACHE, and abdominal pain followed by SEIZURES, altered mentation, and focal neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, p13)
Annotation: for La Crosse virus encephalitis, coord IM with LA CROSSE VIRUS (IM); DF: ENCEPH CALIFORNIA
ID#: D004670

Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex

Definition: An acute (or rarely chronic) inflammatory process of the brain caused by SIMPLEXVIRUS infections which may be fatal. The majority of infections are caused by human herpesvirus 1 (HERPESVIRUS 1, HUMAN) and less often by human herpesvirus 2 (HERPESVIRUS 2, HUMAN). Clinical manifestations include FEVER; HEADACHE; SEIZURES; HALLUCINATIONS; behavioral alterations; APHASIA; hemiparesis; and COMA. Pathologically, the condition is marked by a hemorrhagic necrosis involving the medial and inferior TEMPORAL LOBE and orbital regions of the FRONTAL LOBE. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp751-4)
Annotation: coord IM with specific SIMPLEXVIRUS if given; DF: ENCEPH HERPES SIMPLEX
ID#: D020803

Encephalitis, Japanese

Definition: A mosquito-borne encephalitis caused by the Japanese B encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, JAPANESE) occurring throughout Eastern Asia and Australia. The majority of infections occur in children and are subclinical or have features limited to transient fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. Inflammation of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges may occur and lead to transient or permanent neurologic deficits (including a POLIOMYELITIS-like presentation); SEIZURES; COMA; and death. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p751; Lancet 1998 Apr 11;351(9109):1094-7)
Annotation: for encephalitis caused by Japanese B encephalitis virus only not ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES, JAPANESE: see annotation there; DF: ENCEPH JAPANESE
ID#: D004672

Encephalitis, St. Louis

Definition: A viral encephalitis caused by the St. Louis encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, ST. LOUIS), a FLAVIVIRUS. It is transmitted to humans and other vertebrates primarily by mosquitoes of the genus CULEX. The primary animal vectors are wild birds and the disorder is endemic to the midwestern and southeastern United States. Infections may be limited to an influenza-like illness or present as an ASEPTIC MENINGITIS or ENCEPHALITIS. Clinical manifestations of the encephalitic presentation may include SEIZURES, lethargy, MYOCLONUS, focal neurologic signs, COMA, and DEATH. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p750)
Annotation: DF: ENCEPH ST LOUIS
ID#: D004674

Encephalitis, Tick-Borne

Definition: Encephalitis caused by neurotropic viruses that are transmitted via the bite of TICKS. In Europe, the diseases are caused by ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES, TICK-BORNE, which give rise to Russian spring-summer encephalitis, central European encephalitis, louping ill encephalitis, and related disorders. Powassan encephalitis occurs in North America and Russia and is caused by the Powassan virus. ASEPTIC MENINGITIS and rarely encephalitis may complicate COLORADO TICK FEVER which is endemic to mountainous regions of the western United States. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp14-5)
Annotation: coord IM with specific virus (IM) if pertinent; DF: ENCEPH TICK BORNE
ID#: D004675

Encephalitis, Varicella Zoster

Definition: Inflammation of brain tissue caused by infection with the varicella-zoster virus (HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN). This condition is associated with immunocompromised states, including the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME. Pathologically, the virus tends to induce a vasculopathy and infect oligodendrocytes and ependymal cells, leading to CEREBRAL INFARCTION, multifocal regions of demyelination, and periventricular necrosis. Manifestations of varicella encephalitis usually occur 5-7 days after onset of HERPES ZOSTER and include HEADACHE; VOMITING; lethargy; focal neurologic deficits; FEVER; and COMA. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch 26, pp29-32; Hum Pathol 1996 Sep;27(9):927-38)
Annotation: DF: ENCEPH VARICELLA ZOSTER
ID#: D020804

Encephalitis, Viral

Definition: Inflammation of brain parenchymal tissue as a result of viral infection. Encephalitis may occur as primary or secondary manifestation of TOGAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; HERPESVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ADENOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; FLAVIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; BUNYAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; PICORNAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; PARAMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; and ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS.
Annotation: coord IM with specific virus infection (IM); DF: ENCEPH VIRAL
ID#: D018792

Encephalitozoonosis

Definition: Infection with protozoa of the genus ENCEPHALITOZOON. Lesions commonly occur in the brain and kidney tubules. Other sites of infection in mammals are the liver, adrenal glands, optic nerves, retina, and myocardium.
Annotation: protozoan infect; nothing to do with zoonosis: caused by Encephalitozoon
ID#: D016890

Encephalocele

Definition: Cerebral tissue herniation through a congenital or acquired defect in the skull. The majority of congenital encephaloceles occur in the occipital or frontal regions. Clinical features include a protuberant mass that may be pulsatile. The quantity and location of protruding neural tissue determines the type and degree of neurologic deficit. Visual defects, psychomotor developmental delay, and persistent motor deficits frequently occur.
Annotation: cerebellar hernia: coord IM with CEREBELLUM /abnorm (IM) if congen or with CEREBELLAR DISEASES (IM) if traumatic; meningoencephalocele: coord IM with MENINGOCELE (IM)
ID#: D004677

Encephalomalacia

Definition: Softening or loss of brain tissue following CEREBRAL INFARCTION; cerebral ischemia (see BRAIN ISCHEMIA), infection, CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA, or other injury. The term is often used during gross pathologic inspection to describe blurred cortical margins and decreased consistency of brain tissue following infarction. Multicystic encephalomalacia refers to the formation of multiple cystic cavities of various sizes in the cerebral cortex of neonates and infants following injury, most notably perinatal hypoxia-ischemic events. (From Davis et al., Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p665; J Neuropathol Exp Neurol, 1995 Mar;54(2):268-75)
Annotation:
ID#: D004678

Encephalomyelitis

Definition: A general term indicating inflammation of the BRAIN and SPINAL CORD, often used to indicate an infectious process, but also applicable to a variety of autoimmune and toxic-metabolic conditions. There is significant overlap regarding the usage of this term and ENCEPHALITIS in the literature.
Annotation: GEN or unspecified; prefer specifics; coord IM with specific organism/infection term (IM) or other cause (IM)
ID#: D004679

Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated

Definition: An acute or subacute inflammatory process of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM characterized histologically by multiple foci of perivascular demyelination. Symptom onset usually occurs several days after an acute viral infection or immunization, but it may coincide with the onset of infection or rarely no antecedent event can be identified. Clinical manifestations include CONFUSION, somnolence, FEVER, nuchal rigidity, and involuntary movements. The illness may progress to COMA and eventually be fatal. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p921)
Annotation: when post-vaccinal (note X ref) coord IM with vaccine source if pertinent (IM or NIM); for post-vaccinal or postinfectious inflammation of the spinal cord only, use MYELITIS, TRANSVERSE; DF: ENCEPH ACUTE DISSEM
ID#: D004673

Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine

Definition: A form of arboviral encephalitis (primarily affecting equines) endemic to eastern regions of North America. The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, EASTERN EQUINE) may be transmitted to humans via the bite of AEDES mosquitoes. Clinical manifestations include the acute onset of fever, HEADACHE, altered mentation, and SEIZURES followed by coma. The condition is fatal in up to 50% of cases. Recovery may be marked by residual neurologic deficits and EPILEPSY. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)
Annotation: human & animal; if in horses, coord /vet (IM) with HORSE DISEASES (IM) + HORSES (NIM); DF: ENCEPH EASTERN EQUINE
ID#: D020242

Encephalomyelitis, Enzootic Porcine

Definition: A picornavirus infection producing symptoms similar to poliomyelitis in pigs.
Annotation: caused by an enterovirus; don't forget also SWINE (NIM) & check tag ANIMALS; DF: note short X ref
ID#: D004682

Encephalomyelitis, Equine

Definition: A group of ALPHAVIRUS INFECTIONS which affect horses and man, transmitted via the bites of mosquitoes. Disorders in this category are endemic to regions of South America and North America. In humans, clinical manifestations vary with the type of infection, and range from a mild influenza-like syndrome to a fulminant encephalitis. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp8-10)
Annotation: human & animal; if in horses, coord with HORSE DISEASES (IM) + HORSES (NIM) & use /vet; DF: ENCEPH EQUINE
ID#: D004683

Encephalomyelitis, Experimental Autoimmune

Definition: An experimental animal model for central nervous system demyelinating disease. Inoculation with a white matter emulsion combined with FREUND'S ADJUVANT, myelin basic protein, or purified central myelin triggers a T cell-mediated immune response directed towards central myelin. The pathologic features are similar to MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, including perivascular and periventricular foci of inflammation and demyelination. Subpial demyelination underlying meningeal infiltrations also occurs, which is also a feature of ENCEPHALOMYELITIS, ACUTE DISSEMINATED. Passive immunization with T-cells from an afflicted animal to a normal animal also induces this condition. (From Immunol Res 1998;17(1-2):217-27; Raine CS, Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p604-5)
Annotation: DF: ENCEPH ALLERGIC
ID#: D004681

Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine

Definition: A form of arboviral encephalitis endemic to Central America and the northern latitudes of South America. The causative organism (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, VENEZUELAN EQUINE) is transmitted to humans and horses via the bite of several mosquito species. Human viral infection may be asymptomatic or remain restricted to a mild influenza-like illness. Encephalitis, usually not severe, occurs in a small percentage of cases and may rarely feature SEIZURES and COMA. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp9-10)
Annotation: human & animal; if in horses, coord with HORSE DISEASES (IM) + HORSES (NIM) & use /vet; DF: ENCEPH VENEZ EQUINE
ID#: D004685

Encephalomyelitis, Western Equine

Definition: A form of arboviral encephalitis (which primarily affects horses) endemic to western and central regions of NORTH AMERICA. The causative organism (ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS, WESTERN EQUINE) may be transferred to humans via the bite of mosquitoes (CULEX tarsalis and others). Clinical manifestations include headache and influenza-like symptoms followed by alterations in mentation, SEIZURES, and COMA. DEATH occurs in a minority of cases. Survivors may recover fully or be left with residual neurologic dysfunction, including PARKINSONISM, POSTENCEPHALITIC. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp8-9)
Annotation:
ID#: D020241

Encephalopathy, Bovine Spongiform

Definition: A transmissible spongiform encephalopathy of cattle associated with abnormal prion proteins in the brain. Affected animals develop excitability and salivation followed by ATAXIA. This disorder has been associated with consumption of SCRAPIE infected ruminant derived protein. This condition may be transmitted to humans, where it is referred to as variant or new variant CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB SYNDROME. (Vet Rec 1998 Jul 25;143(41):101-5)
Annotation: if transmitted to man, coord IM (with probably /transm) with specific brain or other neurol dis in text (IM); if transmitted to another species of animal, coord IM (with probably /transm) with animal/dis precoord (IM) + specific animal IM or NIM; DF ENCEPH BOVINE SPONGIFORM
ID#: D016643

Enchondromatosis

Definition: Benign growths of cartilage in the metaphyses of several bones.
Annotation: non-neoplastic; do not confuse X ref OLLIER'S DISEASE with Ollier's disease as Ollier-Klippel-Trenaunay disease ( = KLIPPEL-TRENAUNAY DISEASE)
ID#: D004687

Encopresis

Definition: Incontinence of feces not due to organic defect or illness.
Annotation: of psychol origin: differentiate from FECAL INCONTINENCE, of organic origin
ID#: D004688

Endarteritis

Definition: Inflammation of the tunica intima of an artery. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Annotation: inflamm of the intima of an artery
ID#: D004692

Endocardial Cushion Defects

Definition: A spectrum of septal defects associated with persistence of the embryonic atrioventricular canal due to incomplete growth and fusion of the endocardial cushion.
Annotation: a heart septal defect; do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES
ID#: D004694

Endocardial Fibroelastosis

Definition: A condition characterized by hypertrophy of the wall of the left ventricle and conversion of the endocardium into a thick fibroelastic coat, with the capacity of the ventricle sometimes reduced, but often increased. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Annotation: thickening of endocardium with left ventric hypertrophy
ID#: D004695

Endocarditis

Definition: Exudative and proliferative inflammatory alterations of the endocardium, characterized by the presence of vegetations on the surface of the endocardium or in the endocardium itself, and most commonly involving a heart valve, but sometimes affecting the inner lining of the cardiac chambers or the endocardium elsewhere. It may occur as a primary disorder or as a complication of or in association with another disease. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Annotation: inflamm of endocardium but read MeSH definition; rheumatic endocarditis: index under RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE (IM) + ENDOCARDITIS (IM)
ID#: D004696

Endocarditis, Bacterial

Definition:
Annotation: coord with specific bacterium /infections heading (IM) if pertinent; DF: ENDOCARDITIS BACT
ID#: D004697

Endocarditis, Subacute Bacterial

Definition: Infection of the endocardium caused by species of STREPTOCOCCUS. This condition does not produce metastatic foci and if untreated may take up to a year to be fatal.
Annotation: coord with specific bacterium /infections heading (IM); DF: ENDOCARDITIS SUBACUTE BACT
ID#: D004698

Endocrine Diseases

Definition:
Annotation: GEN; /diag: consider also DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES, ENDOCRINE; hormonal defic: TN 194; endocr defic: probably a defic state from Cat C19; Manual 23.25.3
ID#: D004700

Endocrine Gland Neoplasms

Definition: Tumors or cancer of the endocrine glands in general or unspecified.
Annotation: GEN: prefer specific precoord; coord IM with histol type of neopl (IM)
ID#: D004701

Endodermal Sinus Tumor

Definition: An unusual and aggressive tumor of germ-cell origin that reproduces the extraembryonic structures of the early embryo. It is the most common malignant germ cell tumor found in children. It is characterized by a labyrinthine glandular pattern of flat epithelial cells and rounded papillary processes with a central capillary (Schiller-Duval body). The tumor is rarely bilateral. Before the use of combination chemotherapy, the tumor was almost invariably fatal. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1189)
Annotation: /blood supply /chem /second /secret /ultrastruct permitted; coord IM with precoord organ/neopl term (IM)
ID#: D018240

Endolymphatic Hydrops

Definition: An accumulation of endolymph in the inner ear resulting in deafness and tinnitus, and sometimes vertigo (MENIERE'S DISEASE). Induced experimentally, it often serves as an animal model for Meniere's disease. (From Dorland, 27th ed.)
Annotation: endolymphatic refers to the endolymph of the inner ear; note see related
ID#: D018159

Endometrial Hyperplasia

Definition: Benign proliferation of the ENDOMETRIUM in the UTERUS. Endometrial hyperplasia is classified by its cytology and glandular tissue. There are simple, complex (adenomatous without atypia), and atypical hyperplasia representing also the ascending risk of becoming malignant.
Annotation:
ID#: D004714

Endometrial Neoplasms

Definition: Tumors or cancer of ENDOMETRIUM, the mucous lining of the UTERUS. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. Their classification and grading are based on the various cell types and the percent of undifferentiated cells.
Annotation: coord IM with histol type of neopl (IM)
ID#: D016889

Endometrial Stromal Tumors

Definition: Neoplasms of the endometrial stroma that sometimes involve the MYOMETRIUM. These tumors contain cells that may closely or remotely resemble the normal stromal cells. Endometrial stromal neoplasms are divided into three categories: (1) benign stromal nodules; (2) low-grade stromal sarcoma, or endolymphatic stromal myosis; and (3) malignant endometrial stromal sarcoma (SARCOMA, ENDOMETRIAL STROMAL).
Annotation: coord IM with histol type of neopl (IM)
ID#: D036821

Endometriosis

Definition: A condition in which functional endometrial tissue is present outside the UTERUS. It is often confined to the PELVIS involving the OVARY, the ligaments, cul-de-sac, and the uterovesical peritoneum.
Annotation: non-neoplastic & nothing to do with "endometrial carcinoma" ( = ENDOMETRIAL NEOPLASMS); coord IM with specific precoord organ/dis term (IM)
ID#: D004715

Endometritis

Definition: Inflammation of the ENDOMETRIUM, usually caused by intrauterine infections. Endometritis is the most common cause of postpartum fever.
Annotation: uterine inflamm goes here
ID#: D004716

Endomyocardial Fibrosis

Definition: A disease characterized by thickening of the endocardium, and frequently the inner third of the myocardium. The left ventricle is most frequently involved. Cardiomegaly and congestive heart failure may also be present.
Annotation:
ID#: D004719

Endophthalmitis

Definition: Suppurative inflammation of the tissues of the internal structures of the eye; not all layers of the uvea are affected. Fungi, necrosis of intraocular tumors, and retained intraocular foreign bodies often cause a purulent endophthalmitis.
Annotation: a type of suppurative uveitis; restrict to endophthalmitis as a disease entity, not as a coord for inflamm of specific internal parts of the eye: these are available as -ITIS terms in C11; ophthalmitis goes here; PANOPHTHALMITIS is also available: inflamm of all struct of the eye
ID#: D009877

Endotoxemia

Definition: A condition characterized by the presence of endotoxins in the blood. If endotoxemia is the result of gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria, shock may occur.
Annotation: coord IM with specific bact/infect heading (IM) or specific bacterium (IM) if precoord bact/infect heading is not in MeSH; do not use /blood to cover -emia
ID#: D019446

Enophthalmos

Definition: Recession of the eyeball into the orbit.
Annotation: recession of eye into orbit: do not confuse with EXOPHTHALMOS, protrusion
ID#: D015841

Enoplida Infections

Definition: Infections with nematodes of the order ENOPLIDA.
Annotation: nematode infect
ID#: D017189

Entamoebiasis

Definition: Infection with amoebae of the genus ENTAMOEBA. Infection with E. histolytica causes DYSENTERY, AMEBIC and LIVER ABSCESS, AMEBIC.
Annotation: amebic infect
ID#: D004749

Enteritis

Definition: Inflammation of any segment of the SMALL INTESTINE.
Annotation: GEN or unspecified; jejunitis: coord JEJUNAL DISEASES (IM) + ENTERITIS (IM)
ID#: D004751

Enteritis, Transmissible, of Turkeys

Definition: An acute, highly contagious virus disease of turkeys characterized by chilling, anorexia, decreased water intake, diarrhea, dehydration and weight loss. The infectious agent is a CORONAVIRUS.
Annotation: don't forget TURKEYS (NIM); POULT ENTERITIS MORTALITY SYNDROME is also available
ID#: D004753

Enterobacteriaceae Infections

Definition: Infections with bacteria of the family ENTEROBACTERIACEAE.
Annotation: gram-neg bact infect
ID#: D004756

Enterobiasis

Definition: Infection with nematodes of the genus ENTEROBIUS; E. vermicularis, the pinworm of man, causes a crawling sensation and pruritus. This condition results in scratching the area, occasionally causing scarification.
Annotation: nematode infect caused by Enterobius
ID#: D017229

Enterocolitis

Definition: Inflammation of the MUCOSA of both the SMALL INTESTINE and the LARGE INTESTINE. Etiology includes ISCHEMIA, infections, allergic, and immune responses.
Annotation: note specifics
ID#: D004760

Enterocolitis, Necrotizing

Definition: ENTEROCOLITIS with extensive ulceration (ULCER) and NECROSIS. It is observed primarily in LOW BIRTH WEIGHT INFANT.
Annotation:
ID#: D020345

Enterocolitis, Neutropenic

Definition: A syndrome characterized by inflammation in the ILEUM, the CECUM, and the ASCENDING COLON. It is observed in cancer patients with CHEMOTHERAPY-induced NEUTROPENIA or in other immunocompromised individuals (IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST).
Annotation:
ID#: D044504

Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous

Definition: An acute inflammation of the INTESTINAL MUCOSA that is characterized by the presence of pseudomembranes or plaques in the SMALL INTESTINE (pseudomembranous enteritis) and the LARGE INTESTINE (pseudomembranous colitis). It is commonly associated with antibiotic therapy and CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE colonization.
Annotation: coord IM with specific Clostridium species (IM)
ID#: D004761

Enterotoxemia

Definition: Disease caused by the liberation of exotoxins of CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS in the intestines of sheep, goats, cattle, foals, and piglets. Type B enterotoxemia in lambs is lamb dysentery; type C enterotoxemia in mature sheep produces "struck", and in calves, lambs and piglets it produces hemorrhagic enterotoxemia; type D enterotoxemia in sheep and goats is pulpy-kidney disease or overeating disease.
Annotation: Clostridium infect; animal only; check tag ANIMALS; coord IM with precoord animal/dis term (IM) + animal (NIM) or with animal (IM) in absence of precoord
ID#: D004767

Enterovirus Infections

Definition:
Annotation: caused by a picornavirus
ID#: D004769

Entropion

Definition: The turning inward (inversion) of the edge of the eyelid, with the tarsal cartilage turned inward toward the eyeball. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Annotation: inversion of eyelid: do not confuse with ECTROPION, eversion
ID#: D004774

Enuresis

Definition: Involuntary discharge of urine after the age at which urinary control should have been achieved; often used alone with specific reference to involuntary discharge of urine occurring during sleep at night (bed-wetting; nocturnal enuresis). (Dorland, 27th ed)
Annotation:
ID#: D004775

Environmental Illness

Definition: A polysymptomatic condition believed by clinical ecologists to result from immune dysregulation induced by common foods, allergens, and chemicals, resulting in various physical and mental disorders. The medical community has remained largely skeptical of the existence of this "disease", given the plethora of symptoms attributed to environmental illness, the lack of reproducible laboratory abnormalities, and the use of unproven therapies to treat the condition. (From Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)
Annotation: GEN or unspecified; prefer specifics; coord IM with specific disease (IM) or source of illness (IM); also available are MULTIPLE CHEMICAL SENSITIVITY; PERSIAN GULF SYNDROME & SICK BUILDING SYNDROME; not for diseases caused by environmental pollution: index under specific dis (IM) + ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (IM) or specific envir pollut (IM); DF: ENVIR ILLNESS
ID#: D018876

Enzootic Bovine Leukosis

Definition: A lymphoid neoplastic disease in cattle caused by the bovine leukemia virus. Enzootic bovine leukosis may take the form of lymphosarcoma, malignant lymphoma, or leukemia but the presence of malignant cells in the blood is not a consistent finding.
Annotation: a specific dis caused by BOVINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS (see LEUKEMIA VIRUS, BOVINE): do not confuse with the general group BLV INFECTIONS see DELTARETROVIRUS INFECTIONS; don't forget also CATTLE (NIM) & check tag ANIMALS
ID#: D016583

Eosinophilia

Definition: Abnormal increase in eosinophils in the blood, tissues or organs.
Annotation: increase in no. of eosinophils; GEN or unspecified; prefer specifics; for eosinophilic states (as eosinophilic gastritis, eosinophilic meningitis) coord IM with disease (IM); /chem ind: consider also EOSINOPHILIA-MYALGIA SYNDROME; HYPEREOSINOPHILIC SYNDROME is also available
ID#: D004802

Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome

Definition: A complex systemic syndrome with inflammatory and autoimmune components that affect the skin, fascia, muscle, nerve, blood vessels, lung, and heart. Diagnostic features generally include EOSPINOPHILIA, myalgia severe enough to limit usual activities of daily living, and the absence of coexisting infectious, autoimmune or other conditions that may induce eosinophilia. Biopsy of affected tissue reveals a microangiopathy associated with diffuse inflammation involving connective tissue. (From Spitzer et al., J Rheumatol Suppl 1996 Oct;46:73-9; Blackburn WD, Semin Arthritis Rheum 1997 Jun;26(6):788-93)
Annotation:
ID#: D016603

Eosinophilic Granuloma

Definition: The most benign clinical form of Langerhans-cell histiocytosis (HISTIOCYTOSIS, LANGERHANS-CELL), which involves localized nodular lesions of the gastric mucosa, small intestine, bones, lungs, or skin, with infiltration by eosinophils. The proliferating cell that appears to be responsible for the clinical manifestations is the Langerhans cell.
Annotation:
ID#: D004803

Ependymoma

Definition: Gliomas derived from ependymocytes that tend to present as malignant intracranial tumors in children and as benign intraspinal neoplasms in adults. They may arise from any level of the ventricular system or central canal of the spinal cord. Intracranial ependymomas most frequently originate in the fourth ventricle and histologically are densely cellular tumors which may contain ependymal tubules and perivascular pseudorosettes. Spinal ependymomas are usually benign papillary or myxopapillary tumors. (From DeVita et al., Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2018; Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, pp28-9)
Annotation: coord IM with precoord CNS/neopl term (IM) + site (IM); for MIXED OLIGODENDROGLIOMA-EPENDYMOMA see OLIGODENDROGLIOMA
ID#: D004806

Ephemeral Fever

Definition: An Ephemerovirus infection of cattle caused by bovine ephemeral fever virus (EPHEMERAL FEVER VIRUS, BOVINE). It is characterized by respiratory symptoms, increased oropharyngeal secretions and lacrimation, joint pains, tremor, and stiffness.
Annotation: caused by an Ephemerovirus; animal only; check tag ANIMALS; don't forget also CATTLE (NIM) but do not index under CATTLE DISEASES
ID#: D004810

Epidermal Cyst

Definition: Intradermal or subcutaneous saclike structure, the wall of which is stratified epithelium containing keratohyalin granules.
Annotation: non-neoplastic; coord IM with organ/diseases term (IM); /blood supply /chem /secret /ultrastruct permitted
ID#: D004814

Epidermal Necrolysis, Toxic

Definition: An exfoliative disease of skin seen primarily in adults and characterized by flaccid bullae and spreading erythema so that the skin has the appearance of being scalded. It results primarily from a toxic reaction to various drugs, but occasionally occurs as a result of infection, neoplastic conditions, or other exposure.
Annotation: a toxic reaction to drugs; do not confuse X ref NONSTAPHYLOCOCCAL SCALDED SKIN SYNDROME with STAPHYLOCOCCAL SCALDED SKIN SYNDROME
ID#: D004816

Epidermitis, Exudative, of Swine

Definition: An acute generalized dermatitis of pigs which occurs from 5 to 35 days of age, characterized by sudden onset, with morbidity of 10 to 90% and mortality of 5 to 90%. The lesions are caused by Staphylococcus hyos but the bacterial agent is unable to penetrate the intact skin. Abrasions on the feet and legs or lacerations on the body frequently precede infection. In acute cases, a vesicular-type virus may be the predisposing factor. The causative organism is inhibited by most antibiotics. (Merck Veterinary Manual, 5th ed)
Annotation: don't forget also SWINE (NIM) & check tag ANIMALS
ID#: D004818

Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis

Definition: An autosomal recessive trait with impaired cell-mediated immunity. About 15 human papillomaviruses are implicated in associated infection, four of which lead to skin neoplasms. The disease begins in childhood with red papules and later spreads over the body as gray or yellow scales.
Annotation: a non-neoplastic tumor virus infect
ID#: D004819

Epidermolysis Bullosa

Definition: Group of genetically determined disorders characterized by the blistering of skin and mucosae. There are four major forms: acquired, simple, junctional, and dystrophic. Each of the latter three has several varieties.
Annotation: vesiculobullous skin dis; GEN only: prefer specifics; do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES
ID#: D004820

Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita

Definition: Form of epidermolysis bullosa characterized by trauma-induced, subepidermal blistering with no family history of the disease. Direct immunofluorescence shows IMMUNOGLOBULIN G deposited at the dermo-epidermal junction.
Annotation: note that this is acquired
ID#: D016107

Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica

Definition: Form of epidermolysis bullosa characterized by atrophy of blistered areas, severe scarring, and nail changes. It is most often present at birth or in early infancy and occurs in both autosomal dominant and recessive forms.
Annotation: do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES
ID#: D016108

Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex

Definition: Form of epidermolysis bullosa characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance and by serous bullae that heal without scarring.
Annotation: do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES
ID#: D016110

Epidermolysis Bullosa, Junctional

Definition: Form of epidermolysis bullosa having onset at birth or during the neonatal period and transmitted through autosomal recessive inheritance. It is characterized by generalized blister formation, extensive denudation, and separation and cleavage of the basal cell plasma membranes from the basement membrane.
Annotation: do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES
ID#: D016109

Epididymitis

Definition: Inflammation of the epididymis. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Annotation: inflamm of epididymis
ID#: D004823

Epidural Abscess

Definition: Circumscribed collections of suppurative material occurring in the spinal or intracranial EPIDURAL SPACE. The majority of epidural abscesses occur in the spinal canal and are associated with OSTEOMYELITIS of a vertebral body; ANALGESIA, EPIDURAL; and other conditions. Clinical manifestations include local and radicular pain, weakness, sensory loss, URINARY INCONTINENCE, and FECAL INCONTINENCE. Cranial epidural abscesses are usually associated with OSTEOMYELITIS of a cranial bone, SINUSITIS, or OTITIS MEDIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p710 and pp1240-1; J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1998 Aug;65(2):209-12)
Annotation: coord (IM) with site (IM) + precoord organism infect (IM) + specific CNS infect term (IM)
ID#: D020802

Epidural Neoplasms

Definition: Neoplasms located in the space between the vertebral PERIOSTEUM and DURA MATER surrounding the SPINAL CORD. Tumors in this location are most often metastatic in origin and may cause neurologic deficits by mass effect on the spinal cord or nerve roots or by interfering with blood supply to the spinal cord.
Annotation: coord IM with histol type of neopl (IM); coord IM with specific vertebrae (NIM) to locate site on spinal cord
ID#: D015174

Epiglottitis

Definition: Inflammation of the epiglottis.
Annotation: inflamm of epiglottis
ID#: D004826

Epilepsia Partialis Continua

Definition: A variant of epilepsy characterized by continuous focal jerking of a body part over a period of hours, days, or even years without spreading to other body regions. Contractions may be aggravated by movement and are reduced, but not abolished during sleep. ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY demonstrates epileptiform (spike and wave) discharges over the hemisphere opposite to the affected limb in most instances. The repetitive movements may originate from the CEREBRAL CORTEX or from subcortical structures (e.g., BRAIN STEM; BASAL GANGLIA). This condition is associated with Russian Spring and Summer encephalitis (see ENCEPHALITIS, TICK BORNE); Rasmussen syndrome (see ENCEPHALITIS); MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; BRAIN NEOPLASMS; and CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS. (From Brain, 1996 April;119(pt2):393-407; Epilepsia 1993;34;Suppl 1:S29-S36; and Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p319)
Annotation:
ID#: D017036

Epilepsies, Myoclonic

Definition: A clinically diverse group of epilepsy syndromes characterized either by myoclonic seizures or by myoclonus in association with other seizure types. Myoclonic epilepsy syndromes are divided into three subtypes based on etiology: familial, cryptogenic, and symptomatic (i.e., occurring secondary to known disease processes such as infections, hypoxic-ischemic injuries, trauma, etc.).
Annotation:
ID#: D004831

Epilepsies, Partial

Definition: Conditions characterized by recurrent paroxysmal neuronal discharges which arise from a focal region of the brain. Partial seizures are divided into simple and complex, depending on whether consciousness is unaltered (simple partial seizure) or disturbed (complex partial seizure). Both types may feature a wide variety of motor, sensory, and autonomic symptoms. Partial seizures may be classified by associated clinical features or anatomic location of the seizure focus. A secondary generalized seizure refers to a partial seizure that spreads to involve the brain diffusely. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp317)
Annotation:
ID#: D004828

Epilepsy

Definition: A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and excessive neuronal discharge. Epilepsy classification systems are generally based upon: (1) clinical features of the seizure episodes (e.g., motor seizure), (2) etiology (e.g., post-traumatic), (3) anatomic site of seizure origin (e.g., frontal lobe seizure), (4) tendency to spread to other structures in the brain, and (5) temporal patterns (e.g., nocturnal epilepsy). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p313)
Annotation: GEN or unspecified; prefer specifics
ID#: D004827

Epilepsy, Absence

Definition: A childhood seizure disorder characterized by rhythmic electrical brain discharges of geneneralized onset. Clinical features include a sudden cessation of ongoing activity usually without loss of postural tone. Rhythmic blinking of the eyelids or lip smacking frequently accompanies the seizure. The usual duration is 5-10 seconds, and multiple episodes may occur daily. Juvenile absence epilepsy is characterized by the juvenile onset of absence seizures and an increased incidence of myoclonus and tonic-clonic seizures. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p736)
Annotation: note X ref PETIT MAL EPILEPSY: do not confuse with PETIT MAL STATUS see STATUS EPILEPTICUS
ID#: D004832

Epilepsy, Benign Neonatal

Definition: A condition marked by recurrent seizures that occur during the first 4-6 weeks of life despite an otherwise benign neonatal course. Autosomal dominant familial and sporadic forms have been identified. Seizures generally consist of brief episodes of tonic posturing and other movements, apnea, eye deviations, and blood pressure fluctuations. These tend to remit after the 6th week of life. The risk of developing epilepsy at an older age is moderately increased in the familial form of this disorder. (Neurologia 1996 Feb;11(2):51-5)
Annotation:
ID#: D020936

Epilepsy, Complex Partial

Definition: A disorder characterized by recurrent partial seizures marked by impairment of cognition. During the seizure the individual may experience a wide variety of psychic phenomenon including formed hallucinations, illusions, deja vu, intense emotional feelings, confusion, and spatial disorientation. Focal motor activity, sensory alterations and AUTOMATISM may also occur. Complex partial seizures often originate from foci in one or both temporal lobes. The etiology may be idiopathic (cryptogenic partial complex epilepsy) or occur as a secondary manifestation of a focal cortical lesion (symptomatic partial complex epilepsy). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp317-8)
Annotation: do not confuse with EPILEPSY, SIMPLE PARTIAL see EPILEPSIES, PARTIAL
ID#: D017029

Epilepsy, Frontal Lobe

Definition: A localization-related (focal) form of epilepsy characterized by seizures which arise in the frontal lobe. A variety of clinical syndromes exist depending on the exact location of the seizure focus. Simple or complex motor movements may occur, and most commonly involve the face and upper extremities. Seizures in the anterior frontal regions may be associated with head and eye turning, typically away from the side of origin of the seizure. Frontal lobe seizures may be idiopathic (cryptogenic) or caused by an identifiable disease process such as traumatic injuries, neoplasms, or other macroscopic or microscopic lesions of the frontal lobes (symptomatic frontal lobe seizures). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp318-9)
Annotation:
ID#: D017034

Epilepsy, Generalized

Definition: Recurrent conditions characterized by epileptic seizures which arise diffusely and simultaneously from both hemispheres of the brain. Classification is generally based upon motor manifestations of the seizure (e.g., convulsive, nonconvulsive, akinetic, atonic, etc.) or etiology (e.g., idiopathic, cryptogenic, and symptomatic). (From Mayo Clin Proc, 1996 Apr;71(4):405-14)
Annotation: "generalized" as opposed to "focal" or partial ( = EPILEPSIES, PARTIAL); prefer specific indentions; note X ref EPILEPSY, TONIC: do not confuse with EPILEPSY, TONIC-CLONIC
ID#: D004829

Epilepsy, Partial, Motor

Definition: A disorder characterized by recurrent localized paroxysmal discharges of cerebral neurons that give rise to seizures that have motor manifestations. The majority of partial motor seizures originate in the FRONTAL LOBE (see also EPILEPSY, FRONTAL LOBE). Motor seizures may manifest as tonic or clonic movements involving the face, one limb or one side of the body. A variety of more complex patterns of movement, including abnormal posturing of extremities, may also occur.
Annotation:
ID#: D020938

Epilepsy, Partial, Sensory

Definition: A disorder characterized by recurrent focal onset seizures which have sensory (i.e., olfactory, visual, tactile, gustatory, or auditory) manifestations. Partial seizures that feature alterations of consciousness are referred to as complex partial seizures (EPILEPSY, COMPLEX PARTIAL).
Annotation:
ID#: D020937

Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic

Definition: Recurrent seizures causally related to CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Seizure onset may be immediate but is typically delayed for several days after the injury and may not occur for up to two years. The majority of seizures have a focal onset that correlates clinically with the site of brain injury. Cerebral cortex injuries caused by a penetrating foreign object (CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA, PENETRATING) are more likely than closed head injuries (HEAD INJURIES, CLOSED) to be associated with epilepsy. Concussive convulsions are nonepileptic phenomena that occur immediately after head injury and are characterized by tonic and clonic movements. (From Rev Neurol 1998 Feb;26(150):256-261; Sports Med 1998 Feb;25(2):131-6)
Annotation: coord IM with specific type of epilepsy (IM or NIM)
ID#: D004834

Epilepsy, Reflex

Definition: A subtype of epilepsy characterized by seizures that are consistently provoked by a certain specific stimulus. Auditory, visual, and somatosensory stimuli as well as the acts of writing, reading, eating, and decision making are examples of events or activities that may induce seizure activity in affected individuals. (From Neurol Clin 1994 Feb;12(1):57-8)
Annotation: coord with stimulus which precipitates the seizures/adv eff if permitted
ID#: D020195

Epilepsy, Rolandic

Definition: An autosomal dominant inherited partial epilepsy syndrome with onset between age 3 and 13 years. Seizures are characterized by PARESTHESIA and tonic or clonic activity of the lower face associated with drooling and dysarthria. The episodes tend to occur at night and may become secondarily generalized. In most cases, affected children are neurologically and developmentally normal. The electroencephalogram shows characteristic high-voltage sharp waves over the central temporal regions, which are more prominent during drowsiness and sleep. In general, seizures do not continue beyond mid-adolescence. (From Epilepsia 1998 39;Suppl 4:S32-S41)
Annotation:
ID#: D019305

Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe

Definition: A localization-related (focal) form of epilepsy characterized by recurrent seizures that arise from foci within the temporal lobe, most commonly from its mesial aspect. A wide variety of psychic phenomena may be associated, including illusions, hallucinations, dyscognitive states, and affective experiences. The majority of complex partial seizures (see EPILEPSY, COMPLEX PARTIAL) originate from the temporal lobes. Temporal lobe seizures may be classified by etiolgy as cryptogenic, familial, or symptomatic (i.e., related to an identified disease process or lesion). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p321)
Annotation:
ID#: D004833

Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic

Definition: A generalized seizure disorder characterized by recurrent major motor seizures. The initial brief tonic phase is marked by trunk flexion followed by diffuse extension of the trunk and extremities. The clonic phase features rhythmic flexor contractions of the trunk and limbs, pupillary dilation, elevations of blood pressure and pulse, urinary incontinence, and tongue biting. This is followed by a profound state of depressed consciousness (post-ictal state) which gradually improves over minutes to hours. The disorder may be cryptogenic, familial, or symptomatic (caused by an identified disease process). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p329)
Annotation: do not confuse with EPILEPSY, TONIC see EPILEPSY, GENERALIZED
ID#: D004830

Epiphyses, Slipped

Definition:
Annotation:
ID#: D004839

Epiretinal Membrane

Definition: A membrane on the vitreal surface of the retina resulting from the proliferation of one or more of three retinal elements: (1) fibrous astrocytes; (2) fibrocytes; and (3) retinal pigment epithelial cells. Localized epiretinal membranes may occur at the posterior pole of the eye without clinical signs or may cause marked loss of vision as a result of covering, distorting, or detaching the fovea centralis. Epiretinal membranes may cause vascular leakage and secondary retinal edema. In younger individuals some membranes appear to be developmental in origin and occur in otherwise normal eyes. The majority occur in association with retinal holes, ocular concussions, retinal inflammation, or after ocular surgery. (Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p291)
Annotation: note category: a retinal dis
ID#: D019773

Epispadias

Definition: Congenital absence of the upper wall of the urethra.
Annotation: urethral abnorm; do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES
ID#: D004842

Epistaxis

Definition: Bleeding from the nose.
Annotation:
ID#: D004844

Epstein-Barr Virus Infections

Definition: Infection with human herpesvirus 4 (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN); which may facilitate the development of various lymphoproliferative disorders. These include BURKITT LYMPHOMA (African type), INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS, and oral hairy leukoplakia (LEUKOPLAKIA, HAIRY).
Annotation:
ID#: D020031

Equine Infectious Anemia

Definition: Viral disease of horses caused by the equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV; INFECTIOUS ANEMIA VIRUS, EQUINE). It is characterized by intermittent fever, weakness, and anemia. Chronic infection consists of acute episodes with remissions.
Annotation: caused by a lentivirus; don't forget also HORSES (NIM) & check tag ANIMALS; DGF: note short X ref
ID#: D004859

Equinus Deformity

Definition: Plantar declination of the foot.
Annotation: do not confuse with EQUINOVARUS see CLUBFOOT
ID#: D004863

Erdheim-Chester Disease

Definition: A rare form of non-Langerhans-cell histiocytosis (HISTIOCYTOSIS, NON-LANGERHANS-CELL) with onset in middle age. The systemic disease is characterized by infiltration of lipid-laden macrophages, multinucleated giant cells, an inflammatory infiltrate of lymphocytes and histiocytes in the bone marrow, and a generalized sclerosis of the long bones.
Annotation:
ID#: D031249

Ergotism

Definition: Poisoning caused by ingesting ergotized grain or by the misdirected or excessive use of ergot as a medicine.
Annotation: pois from eating ergot-tainted grain or ergot admin as ther agent
ID#: D004881

Eructation

Definition: The ejection of gas or air through the mouth from the stomach.
Annotation:
ID#: D004884

Erysipelas

Definition: An acute infection of the skin caused by species of STREPTOCOCCUS. This disease most frequently affects infants, young children, and the elderly. Characteristics include pink-to-red lesions that spread rapidly and are warm to the touch. The commonest site of involvement is the face.
Annotation: Strep skin dis; do not confuse with ERYSIPELOID, caused by Erysipelothrix; do not confuse with SWINE ERYSIPELAS, also an Erysipelothrix infection
ID#: D004886

Erysipeloid

Definition: An infection caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae that is almost wholly restricted to persons who in their occupation handle infected fish, shellfish, poultry, or meat. Three forms of this condition exist: a mild localized form manifested by local swelling and redness of the skin; a diffuse form that might present with fever; and a rare systemic form associated with endocarditis.
Annotation: caused by the bacterium Erysipelothrix; do not confuse with ERYSIPELAS, caused by a Streptococcus
ID#: D004887

Erysipelothrix Infections

Definition: Infections with bacteria of the genus ERYSIPELOTHRIX.
Annotation: gram-pos bact infect; usually animal; check tag ANIMALS
ID#: D004889

Erythema

Definition: Redness of the skin produced by congestion of the capillaries. This condition may result from a variety of causes.
Annotation: GEN or unspecified; prefer specifics; redness of the skin from various causes: do not confuse with ERYTHRODERMA see DERMATITIS, EXFOLIATIVE & do not make diagnoses: use the word of the text; prickly heat: index under MILIARIA
ID#: D004890

Erythema Chronicum Migrans

Definition: A deep type of gyrate erythema that follows a bite by an ixodid tick; it is a stage-1 manifestation of LYME DISEASE. The site of the bite is characterized by a red papule that expands peripherally as a nonscaling, palpable band that clears centrally. This condition is often associated with systemic symptoms such as chills, fever, headache, malaise, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, backache, and stiff neck.
Annotation: from a tick bite; "stage-1 manifestation of LYME DISEASE"
ID#: D015787

Erythema Induratum

Definition: A type of panniculitis characterized histologically by the presence of granulomas, vasculitis, and necrosis. It is traditionally considered to be the tuberculous counterpart of nodular vasculitis, but is now known to occur without tuberculous precedent. It is seen most commonly in adolescent and menopausal women, is initiated or exacerbated by cold weather, and typically presents as one or more recurrent erythrocyanotic nodules or plaques on the calves. The nodules may progress to form indurations, ulcerations, and scars.
Annotation: a form of cutaneous tuberc
ID#: D004891

Erythema Infectiosum

Definition: Contagious infection with human B19 Parvovirus most commonly seen in school age children and characterized by fever, headache, and rashes of the face, trunk, and extremities. It is often confused with rubella.
Annotation: caused by Parvovirus B19 but do not index under PARVOVIRUS B19, HUMAN unless particularly discussed
ID#: D016731

Erythema Multiforme

Definition: A skin and mucous membrane disease characterized by an eruption of macules, papules, nodules, vesicles, and/or bullae with characteristic "bull's-eye" lesions usually occurring on the dorsal aspect of the hands and forearms.
Annotation:
ID#: D004892

Erythema Nodosum

Definition: An erythematous eruption commonly associated with drug reactions or infection and characterized by inflammatory nodules that are usually tender, multiple, and bilateral. These nodules are located predominantly on the shins with less common occurrence on the thighs and forearms. They undergo characteristic color changes ending in temporary bruise-like areas. This condition usually subsides in 3-6 weeks without scarring or atrophy.
Annotation: a drug eruption with inflamm nodules; erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) = ERYTHEMA NODOSUM (IM) + LEPROSY, LEPROMATOUS (IM)
ID#: D004893

Erythrasma

Definition: A chronic bacterial infection of major folds of the skin, caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum.
Annotation: bact skin dis caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum
ID#: D004894

Erythroblastosis, Fetal

Definition: Hemolytic anemia of the fetus or newborn infant, caused by the transplacental transmission of maternally formed antibody, usually secondary to an incompatibility between the blood group of the mother and that of her offspring. (From Dorland, 27th ed)
Annotation: a blood group incompatibility; do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES; erythroblastosis, non-fetal may be ERYTHREMIC MYELOSIS but be careful; do not confuse with HEMORRHAGIC DISEASE OF NEWBORN
ID#: D004899

Erythromelalgia

Definition: Disease marked by paroxysmal, bilateral vasodilatation, particularly of the extremities, with burning pain, and increased skin temperature and redness.
Annotation: painful burning & redness of limbs
ID#: D004916

Erythroplasia

Definition: A condition of the mucous membrane characterized by erythematous papular lesions. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Annotation: precancerous dis of the mucous membranes
ID#: D004919

Escherichia coli Infections

Definition: Infections with bacteria of the species ESCHERICHIA COLI.
Annotation: gram-neg bact infect; DF: E COLI INFECTIONS or E COLI INFECT
ID#: D004927

Esophageal Achalasia

Definition: Disorder of lower esophagogastric motility due to failure of the lower esophageal sphincter to relax with swallowing. It is sometimes caused by degeneration of the ganglion cells of the myenteric plexus or of the vagal motor nuclei.
Annotation: failure of esophageal sphincter to relax; X ref CARDIOSPASM refers to spasm of the cardia, not the heart; not for esophageal spasm ( = ESOPHAGEAL SPASM, DIFFUSE)
ID#: D004931

Esophageal and Gastric Varices

Definition: Dilated blood vessels in the ESOPHAGUS or GASTRIC FUNDUS that shunt blood from the portal circulation (PORTAL SYSTEM) to the systemic venous circulation. Often they are observed in individuals with portal hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PORTAL).
Annotation: do not specify esophageal or gastric aspect unless particularly discussed; hemorrhaging esophageal or gastric varices: coord IM with HEMORRHAGE, GASTROINTESTINAL (IM)
ID#: D004932

Esophageal Atresia

Definition: Congenital abnormality characterized by the lack of full development of the ESOPHAGUS that commonly occurs with TRACHEOESOPHAGEAL FISTULA. Symptoms include excessive SALIVATION; GAGGING; CYANOSIS; and DYSPNEA.
Annotation:
ID#: D004933

Esophageal Cyst

Definition: Any fluid-filled closed cavity or sac (CYSTS) that is lined by an EPITHELIUM and found in the ESOPHAGUS region.
Annotation: non-neoplastic
ID#: D004934

Esophageal Diseases

Definition: Pathological processes in the ESOPHAGUS.
Annotation: inflamm dis = ESOPHAGITIS; hemorrhage: coord IM with HEMORRHAGE, GASTROINTESTINAL (IM); motility disord = ESOPHAGEAL MOTILITY DISORDERS or specific; esophageal varix or varices = ESOPHAGEAL AND GASTRIC VARICES & see note there
ID#: D004935

Esophageal Fistula

Definition: Abnormal passage communicating with the ESOPHAGUS. The most common type is TRACHEOESOPHAGEL FISTULA between the esophagus and the TRACHEA.
Annotation: fistula policy: Manual 23.19+; ESOPHAGOTRACHEAL FISTULA see TRACHEOESOPHAGEAL FISTULA is also available
ID#: D004937

Esophageal Motility Disorders

Definition: Disorders affecting the motor function of the upper or lower ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTERS, the ESOPHAGUS body, or a combination of these parts. The failure of the sphincters to maintain a tonic pressure may result in gastric reflux of food and acid into the esophagus (GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX). Other disorders include hypermotility (spastic disorders) and markedly increased amplitude in contraction (nutcracker esophagus).
Annotation:
ID#: D015154

Esophageal Neoplasms

Definition: Tumors or cancer of the ESOPHAGUS.
Annotation: coord IM with histol type of neopl (IM)
ID#: D004938

Esophageal Perforation

Definition: An opening or hole in the esophagus as the result of an injury or pathological process. (From Dorland, 27th ed)
Annotation: caused by dis or inj; esophageal rupture does not go here: index ESOPHAGUS /inj (IM) + RUPTURE (NIM) or ESOPHAGEAL DISEASES (IM) + RUPTURE, SPONTANEOUS (NIM)
ID#: D004939

Esophageal Spasm, Diffuse

Definition: A motor disorder of the esophagus characterized by chest pain and dysphagia. Pathogenesis is unclear. Strong, nonpropulsive contractions of the esophagus evoked by deglutition occur, especially in the elderly.
Annotation: "diffuse" need not be used by author: note X ref; DF: ESOPHAGEAL SPASM
ID#: D015155

Esophageal Stenosis

Definition: Stricture of the esophagus.
Annotation: caustic stenosis is indexed ESOPHAGEAL STENOSIS /chem ind + BURNS, CHEMICAL
ID#: D004940

Esophagitis

Definition: INFLAMMATION, acute or chronic, of the ESOPHAGUS caused by BACTERIA, chemicals, or TRAUMA.
Annotation: ESOPHAGITIS, PEPTIC is also available
ID#: D004941

Esophagitis, Peptic

Definition: INFLAMMATION of the ESOPHAGUS that is caused by the reflux of GASTRIC JUICE with contents of the STOMACH and DUODENUM.
Annotation:
ID#: D004942

Esotropia

Definition: A form of ocular misalignment characterized by an excessive convergence of the visual axes, resulting in a "cross-eye" appearance. An example of this condition occurs when paralysis of the lateral rectus muscle causes an abnormal inward deviation of one eye on attempted gaze.
Annotation: do not confuse with EXOTROPIA, eye turning outward
ID#: D004948

Essential Tremor

Definition: A relatively common disorder characterized by a fairly specific pattern of tremors which are most prominent in the upper extremities and neck, inducing titubations of the head. The tremor is usually mild, but when severe may be disabling. An autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance may occur in some families (i.e., familial tremor). (Mov Disord 1988;13(1):5-10)
Annotation:
ID#: D020329

Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory

Definition: A malignant olfactory neuroblastoma arising from the olfactory epithelium of the superior nasal cavity and cribriform plate. It is uncommon (3% of nasal tumors) and rarely is associated with the production of excess hormones (e.g., SIADH, Cushing Syndrome). It has a high propensity for multiple local recurrences and bony metastases. (From Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3rd ed, p1245; J Laryngol Otol 1998 Jul;112(7):628-33)
Annotation: coord IM with NASAL CAVITY (IM) + NOSE NEOPLASMS (IM)
ID#: D018304

Ethmoid Sinusitis

Definition: Inflammation of the ethmoid sinus. It may present itself as an acute (associated with viral rhinitis) or chronic (associated with allergic or hyperplastic sinusitis) condition.
Annotation:
ID#: D015521

Eunuchism

Definition: The condition of being a eunuch or of having undeveloped sexual organs in which testicular hormones are not produced. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Annotation: = eunuchoidism; male only; HYPOGONADISM in males permitted: do not interpret as EUNUCHISM: use terminol of author; check tags HUMAN and MALE
ID#: D005058

Euthyroid Sick Syndromes

Definition: Abnormalities in thyroid hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, often simulating hypothyroidism, in euthyroid patients suffering some other illness, such as diabetes mellitus or liver cirrhosis.
Annotation: abnorm thyroid-related hormone levels "in euthyroid patients suffering from some other illness"; differentiate from THYROID HORMONE RESISTANCE SYNDROME where no other dis is present
ID#: D005067

Exanthema

Definition: Diseases in which skin eruptions or rashes are a prominent manifestation. Classically, six such diseases were described with similar rashes; they were numbered in the order in which they were reported. Only the fourth (Duke's disease), fifth (ERYTHEMA INFECTIOSUM), and sixth (EXANTHEMA SUBITUM) numeric designations survive as occasional synonyms in current terminology.
Annotation: a skin eruption usually chem- or viral-induced; EXANTHEMA SUBITUM is also available
ID#: D005076

Exanthema Subitum

Definition: An acute, short-lived, viral disease of infants and young children characterized by a high fever at onset that drops to normal after 3-4 days and the concomitant appearance of a macular or maculopapular rash that appears first on the trunk and then spreads to other areas. It is the sixth of the classical exanthematous diseases and is caused by HHV-6; (HERPESVIRUS 6, HUMAN). (From Dorland, 27th ed)
Annotation: acute short-lived viral dis of inf & young child caused by human herpesvirus 6
ID#: D005077

Exfoliation Syndrome

Definition: The deposition of flaky, translucent fibrillar material most conspicuous on the anterior lens capsule and pupillary margin but also in both surfaces of the iris, the zonules, trabecular meshwork, ciliary body, corneal endothelium, and orbital blood vessels. It sometimes forms a membrane on the anterior iris surface. Exfoliation refers to the shedding of pigment by the iris. (Newell, Ophthalmology, 7th ed, p380)
Annotation: shedding of pigment from the iris
ID#: D017889

Exhibitionism

Definition: A disorder in which fantasies about or the act of exposing the genitals to an unsuspecting stranger produces sexual excitement with no attempt at further sexual activity with the stranger.
Annotation:
ID#: D005084

Exophthalmos

Definition: Abnormal protrusion of both eyes; may be caused by endocrine gland malfunction, malignancy, injury, or paralysis of the extrinsic muscles of the eye.
Annotation: protrusion of eye: do not confuse with ENOPHTHALMOS, recession
ID#: D005094

Exostoses

Definition: Benign hypertrophy that projects outward from the surface of bone, often containing a cartilaginous component.
Annotation: cartilaginous & osteocartilaginous exostoses: index under OSTEOCHONDROMA; EXOSTOSES, MULTIPLE HEREDITARY is also available
ID#: D005096

Exostoses, Multiple Hereditary

Definition: Hereditary disorder transmitted by an autosomal dominant gene and characterized by multiple exostoses (multiple osteochondromas) near the ends of long bones. The genetic abnormality results in a defect in the osteoclastic activity at the metaphyseal ends of the bone during the remodeling process in childhood or early adolescence. The metaphyses develop benign, bony outgrowths often capped by cartilage. A small number undergo neoplastic transformation.
Annotation:
ID#: D005097

Exotropia

Definition: A form of ocular misalignment where the visual axes diverge inappropriately. For example, medial rectus muscle weakness may produce this condition as the affected eye will deviate laterally upon attempted forward gaze. An exotropia occurs due to the relatively unopposed force exerted on the eye by the lateral rectus muscle, which pulls the eye in an outward direction.
Annotation: do not confuse with ESOTROPIA, eye turning inward
ID#: D005099

Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials

Definition: The escape of diagnostic or therapeutic material from the vessel into which it is introduced into the surrounding tissue or body cavity.
Annotation: DF: EXTRAVASATION
ID#: D005119

Eye Abnormalities

Definition: Congenital absence of or defects in structures of the eye; may also be hereditary.
Annotation: do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES; these are structural abnorm: EYE DISEASES, HEREDITARY is also available
ID#: D005124

Eye Burns

Definition: Injury to any part of the eye by extreme heat, chemical agents, or ultraviolet radiation.
Annotation: chem burns of eye = EYE BURNS /chem ind (IM) + BURNS, CHEMICAL (IM)
ID#: D005126

Eye Diseases

Definition:
Annotation: GEN; coord IM with specific part of eye (IM); /diag: consider also DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES, OPHTHALMOLOGICAL
ID#: D005128

Eye Diseases, Hereditary

Definition: Transmission of gene defects or chromosomal aberrations/abnormalities which are expressed in extreme variation in the structure or function of the eye. These may be evident at birth, but may be manifested later with progression of the disorder.
Annotation:
ID#: D015785

Eye Foreign Bodies

Definition:
Annotation:
ID#: D005129

Eye Hemorrhage

Definition: Intraocular hemorrhage from the vessels of various tissues of the eye.
Annotation: GEN or unspecified; hemorrh of eye tissue: do not confuse with RETROBULBAR HEMORRHAGE, hemorrh within the orbital cavity behind the eyeball; CHOROIDAL HEMORRHAGE; HYPHEMA; RETINAL HEMORRHAGE & VITREOUS HEMORRHAGE are also available
ID#: D005130

Eye Infections

Definition: Infection, moderate to severe, caused by bacteria, fungi, or viruses, which occurs either on the external surface of the eye or intraocularly with probable inflammation, visual impairment, or blindness.
Annotation: coord IM with specific infect dis (IM); DF: EYE INFECT
ID#: D015817

Eye Infections, Bacterial

Definition: Infections in the inner or external eye caused by microorganisms belonging to several families of bacteria. Some of the more common genera found are Haemophilus, Neisseria, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Chlamydia.
Annotation: coord IM with specific bact dis (IM); DF: EYE INFECT BACT
ID#: D015818

Eye Infections, Fungal

Definition: Infection by a variety of fungi, usually through four possible mechanisms: superficial infection producing conjunctivitis, keratitis, or lacrimal obstruction; extension of infection from neighboring structures - skin, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx; direct introduction during surgery or accidental penetrating trauma; or via the blood or lymphatic routes in patients with underlying mycoses.
Annotation: coord IM with specific fungal dis (IM); DF: EYE INFECT FUNGAL
ID#: D015821

Eye Infections, Parasitic

Definition: Mild to severe infections of the eye and its adjacent structures (adnexa) by adult or larval protozoan or metazoan parasites.
Annotation: coord IM with specific parasitic dis (IM); DF: EYE INFECT PARASITIC
ID#: D015822

Eye Infections, Viral

Definition: Infections of the eye caused by minute intracellular agents. These infections may lead to severe inflammation in various parts of the eye - conjunctiva, iris, eyelids, etc. Several viruses have been identified as the causative agents. Among these are Herpesvirus, Adenovirus, Poxvirus, and Myxovirus.
Annotation: coord IM with specific viral dis (IM); DF: EYE INFECT VIRAL
ID#: D015828

Eye Injuries

Definition: Damage or trauma inflicted to the eye by external means. The concept includes both surface injuries and intraocular injuries.
Annotation: GEN or unspecified; consider also /inj with specific parts of eye; EYE INJURIES, PENETRATING & EYE BURNS are also available
ID#: D005131

Eye Injuries, Penetrating

Definition: Deeply perforating or puncturing type intraocular injuries.
Annotation:
ID#: D015807

Eye Manifestations

Definition: Ocular disorders attendant upon non-ocular disease or injury.
Annotation: not used for indexing since 1989; prior to 1989 used for eye manifest of non-eye diseases
ID#: D005132

Eye Neoplasms

Definition: Tumors or cancer of the EYE.
Annotation: coord IM with specific site in eye (IM) + histol type of neopl (IM)
ID#: D005134

Eyelid Diseases

Definition:
Annotation: GEN; many specifics are available; inflamm dis = BLEPHARITIS
ID#: D005141

Eyelid Neoplasms

Definition: Tumors of cancer of the EYELIDS.
Annotation: /blood supply /chem /second /secret /ultrastruct permitted; coord IM with histol type of neopl (IM)
ID#: D005142